This chapter describes the initial transition from analysis to design and presents 3 ways to accomplish the design for the new system: custom, packaged, and outsourced alternatives. During the design phase, the project team needs to consider above 3 ways be acquisition strategies. For each of the acquisition strategies discussed its strengths and weaknesses. It is important to consider such issues as the uniqueness of business need for system, the amount of in-house experience that is available to build the system, and the importance of the project skills to the company.

Kam Fai Dick Tam, Ching Yuen Chan, 2008, In-House development of lowcost automatic IC workcell for BGA solder ball attachment, , vol.28, No.3, pp.255-261.

This chapter provided a detailed overview of systems design for a project. It examines systems design from the perspectives of both in-house development or “build” projects and software procurement or “buy” projects. Furthermore, it provided some examples to help us understand in-house development. For the in-house development projects, the systems design involves developing technical design specifications that will guide the construction and implemwntation of the new system.

Arnold B. Maltz ,Bernard J. La Londe, 1992, International Journal of logistics management, Some Propositions About Outsourcing The Logistics Function, vol 3, No 1, pp 1-11

This study focuses on analyzing the outsourcers. It comes from a discussion about continuing love affair between corporate America and the outsourcing companies that run their business-technology systems. This article describes the understanding of outsourcing in detail. It provided a lot of evidences to analysis outsourcings. These can help understand the relationship between outsourcing and in-house.

0 DFD diagram data dictionary for all the processes involved

Process name: Central Ordering System

Process number: 1.0

Purpose: process the order and payments and deliver the receipt.

Input Data Flows: It receives payments from the customers for there orders.

Output Data Flows: Gives order information to the food preparation.

Process Description: This process takes the input payments from the customers gives the information about the customer to the customer information and delivery support and to the sales order processing.

Notes: There is only one input but there can be two outputs.

Process name: Customers information and delivery support

Process number: 2.0

Purpose: To process raw information about customer.

Input Data Flows: It receives raw data from the central ordering system.

Output Data Flows: It gives customers information for storage purpose to the information store.

Process description: it takes raw data input and converts it into information for the system.

Notes: It can also provide delivery support.

Process name: Sales Order Processing

Process number: 3.0

Purpose: Processes the sales orders.

Input Data Flows: Sales orders

Output Data Flows: Detailed bills and processed order.

Process description: it takes the input from the central ordering system processes the sales orders and gives the processed output.

Notes: Here we can note the number of sales per day.

Process name: Final Report Preparation.

Process number: 4.0

Purpose: Processes the final report

Input Data Flows: Customer information and sales information.

Output Data Flows: final report.

Process description: it generates the final report based on the customer information and sales reports.

Notes: The information has to be strictly organized for the management.

Process name: Sold goods accounts management

Process number: 5.0

Purpose: processes the sold goods information.

Input Data Flows: storage information.

Output Data Flows: sales information.

Process description: It prepares the sales sheets on the information provided by the goods storage.

Notes: information is organized in well defined database.

Process name: Food Packaging and receipt generation.

Process number: 6.0

Purpose: process and generates receipts for the customer

Input Data Flows: prepared food.

Output Data Flows: manufactured food with receipt.

Process description: It prepares the receipts and food packaging id done.

Notes: relevant receipts are generated for all the customers.

0 DFD diagram data dictionary for all the processes involved.

The system development outsourcing has got series of steps involved in it such as fact finding techniques which in turn include document review, observation, questionnaires or surveys, sampling and research.

Fact finding techniques:

There are a few tasks such as fact finding which cannot be carried out with the help of a software and have to be done manually, for such tasks we have an approach called fact finding techniques in which we find answers for some common questions like what business functions are supported by the current system and further what has to be added, analyze benefits and calculate the TCO (total cost of ownership), what transactions have to be carried out by the system, security issues, risks  and so on. For all the above requirements we develop a fact finding plan which is infact another series of questions i.e. who, what, where, when, how, and all of them followed by why. Following the given strategy we carry out fact finding and document the results and prepare a systems requirements document which is then presented to the management.

Document review lets us know how the present system is supposed to work, or what changes have to be added.

Observation allows us to verify whether the systems really work as they were mentioned to do. And with observations we can make any conclusions or suggestions to improve the current system.

In the tasks where we need views and suggestions of more number of people we arrange questionnaires or surveys which can be used to obtain information about wide range of issues such as workloads, job duties, volumes of transactions handled e.t.c. and opinion about how to make it more efficient.

In case of a huge population where we cannot get the opinion of all the strength we use sampling so that it represents the overall population

Research where we go through various mediums such as internet, it magazines, books and more such options is very important aspect for improving the problem solving.

Elements involved when developing systems in-house:

A company which develops its own information systems is called in-house systems. The main reason for developing in-house systems is system request which is again the starting point of the project. The system request may be regarding enhancements to the existing system or replacement of an older system or developing an all new system which is required to support companys current and future business requirements.

The system requests may come from various departments regarding various aspects such as for

1. Improved service
2. Support for new products and services
3. Better performance
4. More information
5. Stronger controls
6. Reduced costs

And for satisfying all these requests we have to consider various factors both internal and external like

Strategic plans, top management, user requests, information technology department, existing systems and data, technology and so on. Then we have to check different  feasibilities such as operational, technical and economic feasibility.

And then finally comes the preliminary investigation which is again a series of steps:

1. Understanding the problem or opportunity
2. Define the project scope and constraints.
3. Perform fact finding.
4. Evaluate feasibility.
5. Estimate project development time and cost.
6. Present results and recommendations to management.

Shelly, G & Rosenblatt, H 2010, Systems analysis and design, 7th end, Course Technology, Boston.

Q1) What basic functions will the system need to provide?

ans)The system needs to provide few basic functions for the convenience of the customers as well as the organization such as to satisfy the basic requirements of the customer for booking the resort, the computation of all the payable amounts, receipts dispersing, providing preference order to past and future customers.

Q2) What information do you need to find out about the business processes to develop a detailed understanding of the required system?

ans)To develop a detailed understanding of the required system we require information about the total amount they are interested in spending for this transition, preferable customers, maximum number of days they can stay.